DON'T
allow the conclusion to become merely a restatement of the
thesis with a couple of linking sentences beforehand.
DON'T
view it as merely an ornamental way to end your paper - its
role should be to justify your paper at the highest level.
DO
analyze how your argument has changed as your paper has
progressed. If you haven't proven anything more than merely
what you mentioned in your introduction, you haven't really
said anything at all. Throughout the course of a good paper
new subtleties of argument ought to have manifested
themselves, and the place to integrate all these subtleties
into a new, more powerful statement of your thesis, is right
in the conclusion.
DON'T
begin your conclusion with the opener "In
conclusion...". That makes your paper awkwardly
self-conscious and contrived, rather than naturally unfolded.
DO
attempt some sort of unified closure, with respect to what you
set up in the introduction. If you used one of the previously
mentioned clever introductions, make reference again to the
quote, questions, or anecdote you incorporated.
DO
consider linking your argument to a more universal idea,
analyzing its relevance with an eye on the new angle your
argument proved.